第2章:求学之苦,砺少年筋骨
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,整座小镇还未从深夜沉睡中苏醒,街巷空无一人。张謇便独自踩着覆满寒霜、湿滑难行的青石板路,孤身奔赴古寺学堂,日日如是,风雨无阻。
为避开同窗扎堆喧闹的前排位置,同时节省本就为数不多的灯油,他常年固定选择坐在大殿最背光、最偏僻角落的席位。那处位置的窗纸早已腐朽破损,露出一个碗口大小的窟窿,冬日凛冽寒风裹挟冰雪径直灌入屋内,直扑人面;夏日暴雨倾盆之时,雨水会顺着窗洞泼洒而入,打湿桌案、课业与被褥。即便求学条件恶劣至此,张謇也从未动过更换席位的念头。只因这个破损的窗户视野开阔,角度极佳,能够完整清晰看清先生所有板书;闲暇之余,他还特意找来结实的粗麻绳,将歪斜松动的老旧木窗牢牢绑定,寒日遮挡狂风,雨天阻隔暴雨,竭尽全力抓住每一寸来之不易的光线与求学机会。
执教于此的赵菊泉身为海门本地训导,功名在身,学识渊博,治学严苛远近闻名,尤擅钻研《孟子》经义,最喜向麾下学子讲授逆境砺心、负重前行、厚积薄发的处世哲理,育人必先育心。某日课堂之上,赵先生手持讲义,缓缓讲解《孟子·告子下》,深度阐释“天将降大任于斯人也,必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤”一章。一众同窗大多只顾埋头抄写先生批注与讲义原文,不求甚解,只求完成每日课业任务,敷衍了事。唯独张謇,骤然停下手中疾驰的毛笔,目光落在墙面剥落残缺的彩绘残片上,久久凝神沉思,不受周遭半点干扰。
残破斑驳的壁画之上,尚能依稀辨认出古时寒门先贤寒夜苦读、将士戍边护国的古老图案,历经百年风雨侵蚀、战火摧残,依旧风骨犹存,熠熠生辉。刹那之间,张謇豁然贯通,心底积攒多年的迷茫尽数消散:圣贤口中的苦难,从来都不是上天无端降下的磨难与惩罚,而是磨砺心性、淬炼筋骨、锻造格局的必经基石。自身当下所承受的贫寒拮据、寒冬酷暑、深夜孤寂、求学艰辛,从来都不是命运的刁难,而是通往理想前路、承载家国抱负的必经之路。
课后学子四散休憩,打闹闲聊,放松身心。张謇独自攥着卷边磨损、字迹密密麻麻的经书,缓步走到寺庙阴冷的廊下。寒冬时节,殿外廊柱之上凝结一排排尖锐剔透的冰棱,长短不一,寒气刺骨,靠近数尺便觉肌肤发麻。他侧身立于廊下,恭敬躬身,主动向赵菊泉请教经义深层内涵,深究“苦其心志”与“劳其筋骨”二者的细微区别、内在关联,以及二者对修身、齐家、治国、平天下的意义,求知欲展露无遗。
日复一日的勤学善问、谦逊自律,让性格内敛寡言的张謇,渐渐在一众学子之中脱颖而出,也引起了同窗们的注意。某日课后,身旁裹着多层补丁厚重棉袄、性格直率憨厚的同窗王二牛,终于按捺不住心底的好奇,裹紧衣衫凑到他身边,口鼻呼出的白气转瞬在寒风中凝成细碎霜花,语气满是不解:“张謇,我实在看不懂你。每日白日课业已满负荷,夜里还要熬夜苦读,课后还要追着先生刨根问底,日复一日这般煎熬辛苦,难道你就从来不会觉得疲惫吗?”
张謇闻言,缓缓抬眸,眼底带着少年独有的澄澈与坚定,淡淡一笑,抬手轻轻拍了拍王二牛厚实的肩膀,语气平静温和,字字却铿锵有力:“读书本从无捷径可走,世间万般学问,拆开来看不过二字,一曰学,二曰问。若是遇惑不问、遇难则退,只求敷衍度日,白白耗费光阴与束脩,方才是辜负先生悉心教诲,辜负父母含辛茹苦,也辜负自己数年寒窗初心。”
话音落下,他转身蹲在表层结冰的沙盘前,以裸露的指尖为笔,不顾刺骨严寒,反复书写“生于忧患,死于安乐”八字。寒风呼啸肆虐,指尖裸露在外,反复摩擦冰冷坚硬的沙盘砂石。片刻之后,冻僵发麻的指尖被粗糙砂石磨破,鲜红的血珠缓缓渗出,落在灰白单调的沙盘之上,宛如荒芜寒冬之中骤然绽放的点点红梅,热烈、倔强,生生不息。
彼时甲午战争的阴云悄然笼罩整片华夏大地,清廷军备常年废弛,国库空虚,朝堂内部腐朽不堪,官员结党营私、贪腐成风,面对日渐崛起、野心勃勃的日本,毫无抵御之力,边防形同虚设。民族危机暗流涌动,时局一日比一日严峻,战火一触即发。身处偏远海门小镇的张謇,无法触及朝堂决策中心,无从知晓高层博弈细节,却能通过往来通商的商贩、迁徙避难的过往旅人,真切感知到山雨欲来、举国皆危的压抑氛围。
自此,他开始主动跳出四书五经的狭隘桎梏,在深耕传统经义之余,主动四处搜集时事消息,研读时政典籍,日夜思索国家积贫积弱的深层根源,探寻适合华夏的救亡图存之路。他渐渐明晰:熟读圣贤书只能修身利己,保全自身与小家,难以挽救沉沦破碎的家国;可在当下畸形的时代格局里,科举依旧是寒门学子能够快速触碰权力中枢、践行救国理想的唯一通道。唯有先登科及第,跻身朝堂,手握话语权与实权,日后方能以
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